Josephine Goldmark Advocate for Working Women

How Shelley and Fowles Present the Socially Excluded Essay

How Shelley and Fowles Present the Socially Excluded Men are numbered among beasts who renounce society, whereby they are destitute of laws and the ordination of civility. Hence this ensures that men, in creation are best, but when averse to justice and the law, are the worst of all creatures. (p.36 intro The Tempest by William Shakespeare, edited by Frank Kermode 1961) For the purpose of this essay, I shall focus my comparison on Victor and Clegg and analyse the language they use. I will also explore the form and structure used and give a personal response which will include some commentary about the novels in terms of their social/historical and literary contexts. Peoples behaviour in social roles makes possible the†¦show more content†¦Similarly, Clegg has excluded himself from within society, but at the same time, he is part of society. We know he stalks then kidnaps Miranda and eventually she dies, but Cleggs existence, unlike Victors, is cyclical and the whole process starts again when he returns to Woolworths. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that Fowles cleverly alludes to Shakespeares The Tempest and uses Clegg as a Caliban-type figure. An isolated figure who metaphorically is as gross as Victors monster, a monster who is malicious because he is miserable p.141 Hes miserable not just because he is a product of modern society but because he is unable or incapable of properly integrating in society or with Miranda and therefore excludes himself, but like Victor, he does operate within society. However, both novels are linked to the same gothic genre in the sense that both texts focus on the suffering of an individual (p.78 Abrams, Literary Terms) that is, Miranda suffers because of Cleggs actions and the monster suffers (due to his ugliness) as a creation of Victor. Shelleys novel is sensationalised by the fact that Victor can build a man, and from a supernatural point of view, he actually raises the dead by using a flash of lightning p.73 although this is achieved by Victor applying his extended knowledge of science something unheard of in the early 19th century. So the principal aim of such gothic texts is to evoke a chilling terror in the reader by

Silent Spring, By Rachel Carson - 1711 Words

An activist is defined as someone who crusades for some kind of societal change. To be considered an effective activist, the individual would need to influence a transformation in the world, causing a change and reshaping a perception. Rachel Carson, best known as the author of Silent Spring, is said to be one of the most influential women in environmental history, according to her fellow authors and conservationists. Carson has been recognized worldwide in history and science books for her campaign against DDT, her work as a conservationist, and her efforts to change society’s view of the planet. In Silent Spring Ms. Carson brought the adverse effects of a toxic commonly, used pesticide to the forefront of the environmental movement. DDT was being used commercially to treat crops and was destroying the surrounding ecosystem (Carson). She published her findings from experiments she conducted in the early 1950s in Silent Spring. However, it was not an easy piece to have published, especially not in the 1950s. Carson’s work challenged mainstream thought and went on to change it, even in a time when women were not particularly powerful or respected. Many criticized Carson for her challenging ideas and her outspokenness, but in 1962, her battle to be published was made a triumph. The book led to a presidential commission by John F. Kennedy. Through Carson’s publication, the danger of the use of DDT was realized and later banned in the United States. Without the work of RachelShow MoreRelatedSilent Spring By Rachel Carson1441 Words   |  6 PagesWith the 1960s came a need for change, as an immense amount of smog and toxic chemicals used in agriculture and industry caused, the blue to fade away from the sky and water in America. Rachel Carson provided the catalyst for this change with her book Silent Spring published in 1962, which revealed the harmful impacts of pesticides on almost all wildlife and human beings. People reading a book wouldn’t be enough, though, for twenty million Americans came together on April 22, 1970, to celebrate theRead MoreSilent Spring By Rachel Carson1354 Words   |  6 PagesSilent Spring by Rachel Carson Silent Spring by Rachel Carson is a revolutionary part of the environmentalist’s history. Caron’s last novel written, published in 1962, is a plea to the American people to look at what insecticides are doing to our nation, and with that, our earth. Her first chapter sets the scene, and brings readers to a fictitious city that all Americans can try to relate to by writing, â€Å"There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony withRead MoreSilent Spring By Rachel Carson1527 Words   |  7 PagesThe dominant theme of Silent Spring by Rachel Carson is the powerful and detrimental impact humans have on the natural world. Carson s main argument is that pesticides have harmful effects on the environment and lead to a loss of biodiversity and quality of life. Carson uses the pesticide DDT throughout the book as she examines the effects of pesticides throughout the United States. Though the majority of the book is focused on the effects of pesticides on our ecosystem processes, she also touchesRead MoreSilent Spring, By Rachel Carson1823 Words   |  8 Pagesin the environment. Rachel Carson, a marine biologist, was greatly concerned about such dangers, and wrote Silent Spring to raise public awareness. In Silent Spring, Rachel Carson brought awareness of such dangers, reporting that even small doses of pesticides applied regularly can build up to enormous quantities over time. Once accumulated, pesticides present in the environment pose a threat to people and animals alike. For example, many pesticides are carcinogens that Carson attributes to the spikeRead MoreSilent Spring By Rachel Carson1083 Words   |  5 Pagesbelief in which one advocates for environmental preservation. In Rachel Carson’s narrative Silent Spring, she gives her activist insight on the use of toxic chemicals for the benefit of humanity by exposing the detrimental effects these toxins bring. In comparison to Carson, I perceive myself to have developed my perception of nature through books however, my culture did not allow me to have a one on one interaction with nature. Carson fails to comprehend how traditional values potentially promoteRead MoreSilent Spring By Rachel Carson855 Words   |  4 PagesObligation to Endure is taken from the book Silent Spring by the author Rachel Carson. This piece was written in 1962. It is a very richly worded excerpt, written with the intention of grabbing hold of the reader and opening their eyes to what she sees as a problem within the rise of humanity. The main focus of the topic is that the overuse of insecticides and chemicals which are not only a problem but also a detriment to man as well as nature. Carson makes a very effective argument, bringing awarenessRead MoreSilent Spring By Rachel Carson Essay1720 Words   |  7 PagesStates. The idea was first introduced in the United States by Rachel Carson’s book, titled Silent Spring. Rachel Carson developed a cle ar thesis inside Silent Spring where every claim made in the book is supported with enormous substantial factual evidence. The overall theme of the book is calling for awareness and addressing issues with excessive usage of man-made and natural chemicals implemented into daily human life. Although Rachel Carson focuses predominately on concerns surrounding the topic ofRead MoreSilent Spring, By Rachel Carson1487 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"On earth, the history of life is always the history of the interaction between biology and environment. To a large extent, the natural forms and habits of the plants and animals on the earth are shaped. â€Å"Said Rachel Carson, in her book silent spring, â€Å"In the environment of all invasion, air, soil, rivers and oceans are the most shocking pollution, and some of them even fatal pollution. Such pollution is largely irreversible. â€Å"The planet, which provides us food, water and shelters is being destroyedRead MoreSilent Spring By Rache l Carson952 Words   |  4 Pagesloss for many marine flora and fauna as well as the potential ecosystem services that could have been provided. In the last 50 years, there have been changes in human attitudes towards the environment and a marker for this is the book Silent Spring by Rachel Carson. This marked the beginning of the birthplace of environmental law that shapes the marine law of today. Carlson’s book changed the way people thought about the environment and their impacts on the environment. This is further highlightedRead MoreSilent Spring, By Rachel Carson1355 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen a part of everyday human life. It makes up all of the living and non-living factors of life, including water, air, and forests. During the 1960s, people started to realize how the environment affected their everyday life. Since Rachel Carson wrote Silent Spring, an environmental science book about the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers on nature, people started to take a sta nd and the environmental movement was born. The environmental movement continued to gain support in the 1970s. In

Project Management Methodologies Course ID Guidelines

Question: Discuss about the case study Project Management Methodologies for Course ID Guidelines. Answer: Methodology and its role in project management The project management methodology is a concept of identifying the various processes of a project and use effective ways to simplify the realisation of a business benefits. It is mainly used to organise a project development phases into a unique and structured entity. It is mainly used to plan the milestones that are required to be conducted to complete the entire activities of a project (Sweeney Smith, Calbry-Muzyka, Brandt, 2016). Project management methodology is an amalgamation of rationally related methods, practices, and procedures that are used to settle on the arrangement, development phase, controlling system and delivery of a project through continuous implementation of the tactics that are already decided. Simply, it is a systematic, analytically verified and regimented approach to plan, implement and complete a project. The primary rationale of methodology attached to project management is to allow the controlling of entire process of project management. It helps in decision making and solving problems. Hence, it can be said that methodology plays an important role in project management and helps in appropriate completion of the project (Purba Shah, 2010). It is used to providing a skeleton that helps in describing every step in details. It helps the project manager to monitor and control the entire process of project development. Different types of methodologies and comparison In this particular section, a brief discussion will be presented on various methodologies to identify the purpose and effectiveness of the same. Herein, five of the methodologies such as Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), PRINCE2, SDLC, Waterfall and Agile methodologies and processes have to be assessed. PMBOK is a methodology that includes critical path method and Work Breakdown Structure to identify planning; organising, controlling and executing project management plans (Rose, 2013). On the other flip, PRINCE2 methodology encompasses excellence management of a project through aligning the control to the objectives (Chung Crawford, 2016). Systems development life cycle (SDLC) method is a cyclical process to manage the complexity of a project management. Furthermore, Waterfall model can be identified as a sequential method that encompasses some steps flowing steadily downwards. Lastly, the agile methodology process is a conventional project management procedure that can be implemented as an alternative option to waterfall methods. Herein, PMBOK and SDLC methods have been chosen to compare and contrast through the analysis of the similarities and differences. Through the identification of differences in project management concepts, PMBOK methodology can be applied providing the best completion to the project. Considerably, PMBOK has been an internationally recognised standard. Therefore, irrespective of the project types such as engineering, construction, automobile and information technology, PMBOK methodology can be taken into consideration. The PMBOK concept includes five primary steps such as initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and controlling and finally project closure (Indelicato, 2009). Figure: Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) Methodology Source: (Indelicato, 2009) On the other side, systems development life cycle (SDLC) methodology has been primarily utilised on basis of software and hardware concepts to deliver IT projects at a robust pace. In system engineering and software engineering, the methodology has followed five cyclical steps such as planning, analysis, design, implementation and maintenance. Figure: Systems development life cycle (SDLC) methodology Source: (Bhatnagar Kumar Singh, 2013) Regarding similarities, both the project methodologies have included activities according to the project objective. The life cycle of the project is significantly long. Contradictory, in the case of PMBOK methodology, the flow of the project is quite simple whereas SDLC method includes a sophisticated computer system to identify the timeframe and project costing (Bhatnagar Kumar Singh, 2013). Invariably, the level of complexity is much higher in SDLC process in compared to PMBOK. The PMBOKs steps are clear and professionally applied. In the case of SDLC, testing and development phase can be identified as critical for the development of the project life-cycle. Relationship between Methodology and Project Life Cycle The project lifecycle explains the various phases of a project that must be undertaken to complete the project according to the plan. A project is mainly divided into four life phases that are known as initiation phase, project planning stage, project implementation and project closure. Looking at the above discussion, it can be seen that every project methodology presents a different project lifecycle that is used to develop a particular project. If PMBOK methodology is considered, it can be seen that it is also divided into four steps directly explains the lifecycle of a project (Joslin Mller, 2015). When SDLC methodology is considered, it can be seen that the project lifecycle is divided into five major phases that are known as Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation and Maintenance. The SDLC methodology is mainly used for developing software related projects that requires proper analysis after completion of the project plan and maintenance after completion of the entire proje ct (Joslin Mller, 2015). Hence, it can be seen that project methodologies are directly related with the project lifecycle that helps in proper execution of the project and helps in accurate delivery of the assignment. References Bhatnagar, M. Kumar Singh, P. (2013). Research Methodology as SDLC Process in Image Processing.International Journal Of Computer Applications,77(2), 43-45. https://dx.doi.org/10.5120/13369-0972 Chung, K. Crawford, L. (2016). The Role of Social Networks Theory and Methodology for Project Stakeholder Management.Procedia - Social And Behavioral Sciences,226, 372-380. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.201 Indelicato, G. (2009). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide), fourth edition.Proj Mgmt Jrnl,40(2), 104-104. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmj.20125 Joslin, R. Mller, R. (2015). Relationships between a project management methodology and project success in different project governance contexts.International Journal Of Project Management,33(6), 1377-1392. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.03.005 Purba, S. Shah, B. (2010).How to manage a successful software project. New York: Wiley. Rose, K. (2013). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide)-Fifth Edition.Proj Mgmt Jrnl,44(3), e1-e1. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmj.21345 Sweeney Smith, S., Calbry-Muzyka, A., Brandt, A. (2016). Improved exergetic life cycle assessment through matrix reduction technique.Int J Life Cycle Assess. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-016-1118-5

Plot Analysis free essay sample

Bingleys sisters and Darcy succeed in dissuading Bingley from marrying Jane; Darcy sinks lower and lower in Elizabeths estimation. Tough. Our lovers seem as far away from each other as possible: Bingleys sisters effectively quarantine him from seeing Jane, and Wickham drips (figuratively) poison into Elizabeths ear about Darcys character. While before Elizabeth simply disliked him, she now feels full-on disgust. Climax Mr. Darcy shows his heart; Elizabeth learns her errors in judgment. All the festering feelings come to a head here. Darcy finally tells Elizabeth how he eels, saying he can repress his emotions no longer, and Elizabeth counters with a, if you were the last man alive, I still wouldnt marry you. OK, those werent her exact words, but they were pretty close. She finally vents all her anger over what Mr. Darcy has done to Jane and to Mr. Wickham. But! Thats not the end of the climax! Darcy gives Elizabeth a letter that exonerates him from all the charges she leveled agains t him. We will write a custom essay sample on Plot Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Both characters question their identities. As for Elizabeth, who prides herself on being a great judge of character, she learns that peoples exterior masks can fool her. This is the climax of the novel because the greatest attitude shifts come here. Its all smoother sailing from here on out for our two main characters. Suspense Lydia runs off with Wickham, potentially ruining the Bennet family name forever. If Lydia goes off with Wickham to live in sin, it will destroy any chance at happiness for Elizabeth and Jane. No respectable man will marry a woman who has a fallen sister. Dont know about you, but were biting our nails. Denouement Mr. Bingley proposes to Jane; Mr. Darcy proposes to Elizabeth Mr. Darcy uses money to force Wickham to marry Lydia. The Bennet family is saved. Whew. Heres the ending weve been waiting for – couples reunited, misunderstandings cleared up, in-laws chucked out the window†¦ Conclusion The happily ever after – the last chapter serves as a bit of an epilogue. Our two favorite married couples are doing well, but Lydia and Wickhams marriage unravels and they become broke. Charles and Jane Bingley move out of Netherfield after a year because they cant stand Mrs. Bennet, Mary becomes less sanctimonious, and Kitty blossoms under the guidance of her two oldest sisters. Oh, right. Jane moves to an estate practically next door to Pemberley. That all sounds quite peachy Pride and Prejudice  Jane Austen The following entry presents criticism of Austens novel  Pride and Prejudice. See also,  Jane Austen Criticism,  Northanger Abbey  Criticism, and  Mansfield Park  Criticism. INTRODUCTION One of the worlds most popular novels, Jane Austens  Pride and Prejudice  has delighted readers since its publication with the story of the witty Elizabeth Bennet and her relationship with the aristocrat Fitzwilliam Darcy. Similiar to Austens other works,  Pride and Prejudice  is a humorous portrayal of the social atmosphere of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century England, and it is principally concerned with courtship rituals of the English gentry. The novel is much more than a comedic love story, however; through Austens subtle and ironic style, it addresses economic, political, feminist, sociological, and philosophical themes, inspiring a great deal of diverse critical commentary on the meaning of the work. Plot and Major Characters Pride and Prejudice  focuses on Elizabeth Bennet, an intelligent young woman with romantic and individualistic ideals, and her relationship with Mr. Darcy, a wealthy gentleman of very high social status. At the outset of the novel, Elizabeths loud and dim-witted mother, her foolish younger sisters, and her beautiful older sister Jane are very excited because a wealthy gentleman, Mr. Bingley, is moving to their neighborhood. The young women are concerned about finding husbands because if Elizabeths father, a humorous and ironical man, were to die, the estate would be left to their pompous cousin Mr. Collins. Mr. Bingley soon becomes attached to Jane while Elizabeth grows to dislike his close friend Mr. Darcy, whom the village finds elitist and ill-tempered. Under the influence of his sisters and Mr. Darcy, Mr. Bingley eventually moves away to London. Mr. Collins, an irritating clergyman, then proposes to his cousin Elizabeth, who refuses him. He marries her friend Charlotte instead, and Elizabeth visits the couple at their estate, where she and Mr. Darcy meet again at the house of his aunt, also Mr. Collins patroness, Lady Catherine de Bourgh. Mr. Darcy proposes to Elizabeth but she refuses him, partly based on her belief that he dissuaded Mr. Bingley from pursuing a relationship with Jane. In a letter to Elizabeth, Mr. Darcy explains his actions regarding Jane and Mr. Bingley, as well as the way in which he has treated his estranged childhood companion, Mr. Wickham. The next time Elizabeth sees Mr. Darcy, at his estate, she is better disposed toward him, but they are interrupted by a scandal involving Elizabeths sister Lydia, who has eloped with Mr. Wickham. Mr. Bennet and his brother-in-law Mr. Gardiner attempt to resolve the situation, but it is actually Mr. Darcy who resolves the situation by paying Mr. Wickham and convincing him to marry Lydia. Mr. Bingley then returns to his estate in the Bennets neighborhood and soon becomes engaged to Jane. Afterward, despite Lady Catherines attempt to prevent the engagement, Elizabeth marries Mr. Darcy. Major Themes Austens novel is principally concerned with the social fabric of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century England, a patriarchal society in which men held the economic and social power. In an often satirical portrait of the men and women attempting to gain a livelihood, Austen subtly and ironically points out faults in the system, raising questions about the values of English society and the power structure of the country. Pride and Prejudice  contains many elements of social realism, and it focuses on the merging of the bourgeoisie and the aristocracy during the era of the Napoleonic wars and at the beginning of the industrial revolution. The novel is also engaged in an ideological debate that drives its plot and defines the essence of its main character. Interested in the balance between pragmatism, or the necessity of securing a marriage, and idealism, particularly Elizabeths romanticism and individualism, Austen dramatizes her heroines struggle to find a place within the conservative social institution of marriage. The precise nature of this balance is not necessarily clear, and despite what seems to be a happy marriage, it may not be entirely possible to reconcile Elizabeths independence and naturalness with Mr. Darcys conservatism and conventionality. Nevertheless, the novel seems to work toward an ideological balance and an alteration in the fundamental aspects of these characters that will lead to a reconciliation of the themes that they represent. Critical Reception Probably Austens most widely read novel,  Pride and Prejudice,  which has been continuously in print since its publication in 1813, has been the subject of volumes of diverse critical reactions. Evaluations of this work have included condemnatory dismissals such as that of Mark Twain, measured praises of Austens sophistication and wit, and plaudits for the novel as the authors masterpiece. Many early critics focused on the social realism of the novel, commenting on the depth, or lack of depth, of Austens characters. Criticism of the novel from the nineteenth century through the early twentieth century also tended to regard Austen as a moralist, discussing the value system that  Pride and Prejudiceestablishes. Critics from the 1920s through the 1950s focused on Austens characteristic themes and stylistic devices, as well as discussing her choice of subject matter and the moral and ideological journey that Elizabeth undertakes throughout the course of the novel. During the 1960s and 1970s, commentators offered contextual criticism that evaluated  Pride and Prejudice  within the literary and social world in which Austen wrote. It was also during this period that new directions in criticism of the novel began to be explored. Since the late 1960s, for example, critics have approached Austens novel from a variety of linguistic standpoints, such as Mikhail Bakhtins theory of dialogism, as well as analyzing the work in terms of postmodern theory and applying new developments in psychology to the text. There has also been increased attention given to the political subtext of the novel, suggesting new ways of interpreting its relationship to the historical context of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. In the later decades of the twentieth century and into the early years of the twenty-first century, the most prominent trends in criticism of  Pride and Prejudice  have derived from the perspectives of literary feminism, including analysis of the novels view of female oppression, its portrayal of the patriarchal society of the time, and its treatment of the possibility, fantasy, and reality of female power. Feminist critics such as Judith Lowder Newton have envisioned the novel as a triumphant fantasy of female autonomy, while Jean Ferguson Carr warns that Austens exclusion of Mrs. Bennet from the social world reveals a persistent subjugation of women throughout the novel. In addition to strictly feminist readings of  Pride and Prejudice,many essays not associated with this school of social and literary thought either incorporate or challenge various feminist claims in relation to Austens work.

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Research Paper Example

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Research Paper Example The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Paper The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Paper Then wear the gold hat, If that will move her; If you can bounce high, bounce for her too, Till she cry Lover, gold-heated, high-bouncing lover, I must have you! This quote Is the epigraph of the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and It holds much meaning to what the novel Is about by foreshadowing part of the plot and Introducing a major theme and the setting. The pronouns used In this quote refer to specific characters In the novel; she refers to Daisy Buchannan, and the lover refers to Jay Gatsby. What the quote then means, relating to the novels plot, Is that Gatsby is trying to win Daisy over by using materialistic things in order to regain her affection towards him. For example, he intentionally buys a mansion across the bay from the Buchannan, and has extravagant parties in which he does not enjoy, lust to amaze, impress, and flaunt his wealth to her. Gatsby metaphorically wears a gold hat and bounces high to win Daisy. The line the gold hat, if that will move her means Gatsby will do anything to win her over. The hat itself symbolizes the mansion and parties, while the color gold represents his wealth and the money eased on these unnecessary things. The line If you can bounce high, bounce for her too essentially means the same thing: Gatsby doing whatever he can to win Daisy. A major theme this quote introduces is the American Dream. It explains how Gatsby is willing to do anything in order to achieve a relationship with Daisy, and if Gatsby achieves that, it would fulfill his American Dream. Epigraph Analysis: The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald By 1 tailored ENUM 4 July 2014 Then wear the gold hat, if that will move her; If you can bounce high, bounce for tote is the epigraph of the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and it holds much meaning to what the novel is about by foreshadowing part of the plot and introducing a major theme and the setting. The pronouns used in this quote refer to specific characters in the novel; she refers to Daisy Buchannan, and the lover refers to Jay Gatsby. What the quote then means, relating to the novels plot, is just to amaze, impress, and flaunt his wealth to her. Gatsby metaphorically wears a gold hat and bounces high to win Daisy.

Explain clearly what is understood by the meaning of Leadership. What Essay

Explain clearly what is understood by the meaning of Leadership. What is the distinction between Leadership and Management - Essay Example The paper will discuss certain leadership taxonomies and definitions and will also explore a few leadership theories in order to get an insight into leadership. The second part of the paper will strive to find out the main discrepancies between management and leadership and the reasons as to why both are assets to an organization. Both functions are complementary to each other and without the existence of any one of the two it becomes impossible for the other to perform effectively thereby impairing organizational growth. Contents Abstract 2 Contents 3 Introduction 4 Insights into leadership 5 Leadership theories 6 Leadership and management – a distinction 8 Conclusion 10 Reference 11 Introduction One of the most popular and discussed topic is leadership. Scholars have tried to define leadership in several manners. In an examination of 587 publications, at least 221 definitions of leadership had emerged. Leadership is the manner in which an individual induces aspects of respec t, obedience, cooperation and loyalty among followers. Leadership in the 1930s was considered to be an area where organizations had to move depending on specifications provided by the leader. The 40’s definition of leadership focussed on the constructs of power, authority, circumstances and position. The 1950s definition emphasized on the essentials of team building and the authority the leader commanded on team members. The 1960s definition of leadership influenced followers to shared goals and vision. The 1970s leadership definition viewed a leader to have discretionary powers and 1980s the leader inspired the followers to conduct meaningful activity. The 1990s defined leadership as a combined task accomplished by both followers and leader to make certain modifications impacting common purposes. The first ten years of the twenty first century witnessed the leader to be solely accountable and responsible for all activities conducted in an organization. From the above, it may be observed that there are certain themes in leadership. These are as follows: a) Leadership is not limited to senior management members or the top boss b) Leadership helps in excelling performance level in followers c) Management and leadership are two distinct constructs d) There is a humanistic and sensitive dimension to leadership e) Leaders need to apply a host of skills, capabilities, qualities thereby undertaking a holistic approach f) An individual who has expertise in implementing, initiating and anticipating change is a successful leader (Bass & Bass, 2008) Insights into leadership Leadership styles vary from person to person. However, the manner in which one may be able to aptly distinguish various leaders depends on the manner in which they act on logic. This is the skill to interpret and analyze surroundings especially when they are challenged by some external or internal issues. Academic scholars have observed that leaders who delved deep within them to develop and un derstand themselves can transform their own capabilities as well as the capabilities of the organization. The effectiveness of organizations mainly depends on coordinated leadership which stems from leaders having varied levels of hierarchy. Their skills help in impacting individuals, units, teams and the overall organizational results. Academic study on leadership has highlighted that leadership significantly impact units, teams and the entire organization. Although there is vast literature on the outcomes of effective